Harrow



J, PETERSON HARROW. I APPLICATION FILED MAY 31, I919.

1,324,407. Patented Dec. 9, 1919.

JOHN PETERSON,- or ONIQNAGON, MICHIGAN. V

' nnnnowg Specification of Letters Patent. Patente(l'])e 9, 1919,

Application filed. May 31, 1919. Serial No, 301,063.

T allwh'omz't'may concern: 7

Be it known that I, JOHN PETERSON, citizen ofthe United States, residingat Ontonagon, in the county-of Ontonagon and State of Michigan, haveinvented certain new and useful Improvements in Harrows, ofwhich thefollowing is a specification.

This IIIVBIIUOIL relates to -improvements 1n.

harrows and has for one of its objects to provide an implement of thischaracter whose parts can be easily separated and re-' assembled whendesired, thereby. forming a practical knock-down harrow. r

A further object is to provide a harrow of the rotary type with alockingmeans where by the harrow teeth can be held in a fixed position to forma harrow of the non-rotatable type, and astill further object 'istoprovide a'particular design of tooth bars wvhich will retain .theteeth rigidly inposition and at the same time allow of their removal forrepairing or substitution ofnew teeth.

' These andother objectshereinafter set through the harrow showing thelocking forth are attained'b-y the meansillustrated in the accompanyingdrawings, in which Figure l is a perspective view'of the im--' provedharrowand shown mounted on removable runners upon which the harrow istransported from one'place to another.

Fig. 2 is a longitudinal vertical section chain in engagement with theteeth to prevent the tooth-wheels from rotating.

Fig. .3, is a detail section through-one of the tooth-bars. 7

Fig. 4 is a detail plan view of a portlon of one of the tooth-barsshowing one of the tooth securing means.

Fig. 5 is a detail perspective view of one end of one of the tooth-bars.Fig. 6 is a detail perspective view of one of the bearing blocks usedfor holding the teeth, and Fig. 7 is a view of the grab-link with itshook.

Similar reference numerals in all of the figures of the drawingdesignate like parts. Referring to the drawing, 10 designates thetooth-bars having their ends mounted to rotate in the side-rails oroperating runners l1, and said side-rails being secured together attheir ends by the tie-rods 12 which are held in position by theremovable nuts 13. In addition to the tie-rods at each end of therunners 11 is provided the spacing cross-bars 14; which prevent thetie-rods from drawing them from rotating.

the runners. 11' so' close together as. to .bind

on theendsof the toothebars l0 and prevent Preferably threeof thetooth-bars are used and eachhas secured therein a series of har- 0row-teeth preferably arranged at right-angles to each other and with theteeth of the middle tooth-bar positioned in staggered re- "lation to theteeth in the other bars. Each of the tooth-bars is provided with atrunnion. 5 7 15 at each end,esaid trunnions .having bear ings inopenings formed in the side-rails and adapted to rotate therein. .Thetooth-bars are also channeled intermediate their ends to form therelatively thin walls 16 arranged at an angle to'eachothenand toothaperturesul8 are formed through these walls 16 and are alternatelyarranged first through one wall and then in;the other wall, so that whenthe teeth are positioned in the bars they will be arrangedat'righteanglestoeach other. The inner facesof the wallslti are formedwith'V-shaped recesses 19 each of which registers withone of the-toothaperso when atooth is-so.

tures in theother wall positioned in one of the apertures, a portion ofits stem wil1 engage in one of the recesses which tormsaseat therefor.The teeth 20 are preferably formed angular in cross-secion to preventrotating in theirseats, and

the sides of the teeth not. engaged in the re.- cesses 19, are supportedin bearing blocks 21 which are. also notched to conform to the 'shapeiofthe side of the tooth, and aresecured inposition by yoke+cl1ps 22 whichengage in a suitable groove 23 formed around the blocks and whose freeends extend. through its respective wall 16 and-are provided withsuitable tightening' nuts 24. e The teeth besides being'angularin'cross-section"95 have their ends curved in opposite directions fromtheir intermediate portions or stems which are supported in thetooth-bars, these curved ends forming better rakefteeth than therusu alstraight harrow teeth. The channeled tooth-bars with the relativelythinsup porting side-walls, afacilitaterthe insertion and removal of thedouble-end teeth Which' are curved to secure better results inpenetrating the soil and raking the ground. Thus the teeth can be formedand curved to the desired shape before their attachment to the bars,which advantage could notbe se i cured if the tooth-bars were formedwithout the channels, a it would be impossible t thread the curved endsof the long double teeth through straight apertures in a solidtooth-bar.

With the construction thus far described, and with a suitable draftmeans attached to the loops 25 on the front end of the harrow, and theharrow be then drawn in the direction of the arrow a, Fig. 2, the teethwill engage deep into the soil one after another as the tooth-bars arerotated, and as the lumps and clods are lifted by the teeth as they passout of the soil, the adjacent teeth on the next bar will pass downwardlybetween the first mentioned teeth and crush the clods or lumps betweenthe oppositely moving teeth.

'To move the harrow from one place to another without the teeth engagingthe ground, a pair of transporting runners 26 are provided and which aredetachably secured to the underside of the side-rails 11 by the bolts27, these transporting runners being sufliciently high to lift the teethfree from the surface of the ground.

To convert the rotary harrow to a drag harrow wherein the teeth areimmovable with respect to the side-bars, a locking chain is provided toengage a tooth in each respective bar to preventits rotation. In itspreferred form this locking means comprises a chain 28 having equallyspaced tooth engaging rings inserted in its length, said rings beingdesignated by the reference numerals 29, and attaching links 30 at oneend adapted to engage a grab-link 30 fixed to a hook 31 rigidly securedto the front spacing bar 1%. Thus to lock the rotatable toothwheels inone position, the rings 29 are inserted over one tooth in each bar andone of the attaching links is then secured to the link 80, as clearlyshown in Fig. 2 of the drawing. "When the harrow is used in this manner,the draft means is attached to the loops 32, and the harrow is drawn inthe direction of the arrow 7), thus presenting the ends of the curvedteeth to the soil first. Several attaching links 30 are provided to formdifi'erent lengths of chain, whereby the teeth-wheels can be secured indifferent positions to present more than one tooth in each wheel to thegroundif desired to secure finer results This also will regulate thedepth of penetration of the teeth.

While constructed and intended primarily to be used in combatingquack-grass, the harrow can be used wherever the ordinary drag harrow isrequired.

Havinothus fully described the invention,

what is c aimed is l. A harrow comprising a pair of operating runners,spacing-bars extending between said runners, tie-rods for securing saidrunners and spacing-bars together to form a rigid frame, a series ofchanneled tooth-barsforming two angularly arranged relatively thinwalls, and having ends mounted to rotate in said runners, and a seriesof teeth mounted to pass through one of said thin walls and resting uponthe other, each of said teeth having an angular central body-portionsecured to the: tooth-bar and ends projecting on each side of thetooth-bar and curved in opposite directions from the body-portion.

2. In a harrow, a frame, a series of toothbars rotatably mounted in theframe, each tooth-bar beingchanneled' to form two relatively thin andangularly arranged sidewalls, a series of tooth-apertures formed throughthe side-walls, and a series of teeth secured intermediate their ends insaid tooth apertures of one of said thin walls and resting upon theother, said teeth having ends curved in opposite directions from theirbody-portions.

3. In a harrow, a frame, a series of toothbars' rotatably mounted in theframe, each tooth-bar being channeled to form two relatively thin andangular-1y arranged sidewalls, said side-Walls being provided with aseries of tooth apertures alternately arranged in opposite walls andalso series of recesses registering" with the apertures in the oppositewall, a series of teeth supported in said apertures of one of said thinwalls and resting in said recesses of the other thin wall, and means inthe channelsof the toothbars for clamping and securing the teeth inposition.

4. In a harrow having a series of tooth wheels which are rotated whenthe harrow is drawn in one direction, an adjustable locking meanssecured to the frame of the harrow and constructed to engage the teethof the several wheels to hold the wheels in dif- JOHN PETERSON.

